Submarine training future U.S. lunar astronaut Inside (Figure).

<P> </ P> <P> Magrath (left), Beimu Ken (right) and Ke Pula (middle) in the "Age of Aquarius," camera </ P> <P> submarine simulation training similar to the diving < ./ P> <P> astronaut Ken Boehm, Robert began to extravehicular activity down to the sea </ P> <P> underwater astronauts eat, sleep, simulated "moon walk" </ P> <P> today .Astronauts do not take the spacecraft, as long as the seabed and into a tank shaped like a spaceship like the body, can experience the feeling of living space. .When members of space shuttle Atlantis back to earth to complete a trip into space, another group of astronauts are busy training under water to prepare the next trip to the moon. .</ P> <P> extreme environments as NASA mission operations (NEEMO) part of the astronauts training underwater life in the United States government-owned one called "Aquarius" Underwater settlement, comprehensive experience of space .life. .</ P> <P> According to the Discovery Channel reported on September 24, 17, came to the old astronaut Sandra Magnus Las "Aquarius" to live down, the other five astronauts in charge of directing a period of 7 days .training. .</ P> <P> 1 living space </ P> <P> survive underwater simulation of space flight as spacecraft wet </ P> <P> "Aquarius" is currently the world's only still in use .underwater training facilities. .So far, this home has more than 20 years of history, from the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in Key Largo coast about 5 miles. .Their living spaces and laboratories to build a deep-sea coral reefs in the next. .</ P> <P> in the "Age of Aquarius" to survive in space simulation, you need to simulate the International Space Station in a variety of living conditions, and is not suitable for small space living environment ... ... it is the size of the accommodation and the International Space Station .about, 14 meters long and 3 meters wide and weighing about 81 tons, built in the 27 meters of water. .Although only 42 square meters of space, but the shower, toilet, microwave oven, refrigerator, networked computers and other facilities. .Training of the astronauts will be here to eat, sleep and work. .</ P> <P> this is called "Age of Aquarius" in the tank-like body of both can protect their safety in the sea to survive, but it is also an underwater "space" science laboratory. .Engineers through the mission control center on the coast 24 hours a day monitoring "Aquarius." .The air in the water needs of the astronauts from fixed buoys in the cabin at the top of the "life-support equipment", air, communication and power through an "umbilical cord" from the device to the compartment. ."Life-support equipment" primarily by the compressor and engine components. .</ P> <P> NASA officials said, "Age of Aquarius" is equivalent to a wet fly in space, spacecraft, the astronauts go to space through which to carry out pre-adaptation training. .They are in the "Aquarius" NASA's exclusive use of language to communicate, work habits of eating space food. .</ P> <P> Magrath task in front of Atlantis on a space shuttle mission, time is October 2002. .Magrath said: "This is a very compact place, but a little loose than the shuttle." </ P> <P> 2 skills </ P> <P> rigorous training received living space feel like a deep dive </ .P> <P> in this training period, all the various types of training astronauts to the space station as long as possible to adapt to the task. .Participate in the training of the astronauts will carry out all aspects of nutrition research to help scientists confirm the diet in the emulator and the diet of astronauts in space, the effect produced by what similarities and differences. .NEEMO also intended to test spacesuit components, communications technology, navigation strategies, methods for geological samples, the Moon residence construction technology and remote control robots. .</ P> <P> NASA officials said the submarine simulator can provide training for the astronauts very full, including saturation diving. .NEEMO Project Manager Todd said the astronauts through the saturation diving, space missions can be reduced with the difference NEEMO. .Use of saturation diving technology allows full saturation of body tissues to adapt to high-pressure nitrogen environment that allows them to work longer hours under water. .However, for a long time living in the water, the astronauts actually "soak in" the nitrogen. .Before they return to the sea, to conduct 17 hours of decompression to avoid the risks go up quickly. .</ P> <P> implementation of space missions as astronauts, the implementation of "NEEMO5" mission astronauts have a lot of pre-launch training. .Training period, they must strictly follow the established schedule, when dining, the timing of the extravehicular activity, and when to communicate with students via the Internet can not have any violations. .</ P> <P> NEEMO Gangu task manager Mark Lee: "These results will allow us to improve the residence designers and engineers, the design of robots and spacesuits. We will detect new challenges, to overcome the life and work .the inherent difficulties on the moon. "</ P> <P> astronauts, said:" In the water, we must always be careful to maintain their position ... ... to use the tool too much, and no difference in space. case .to the problem, we have themselves, because we can not return to water in an instant, this is what we call extreme conditions. "</ P> <P> course, submarine training and the real space environment is different. .First, the landscape is different, submarine training, people can see the sea all kinds of new things. .But in space even more magnificent landscape, the earth at the foot of the astronauts, sunrise and sunset are even more frequent. .</ P> <P> Magrath team is sent to NASA for training of the first Aquarius 11 teams. .Previously sent to the group here is the study of more than coral reefs, sea under the sea change phenomenon and other marine biologists and other scientists. .</ P> <P> 3 extravehicular activity </ P> <P> simulated underwater "moon walk" </ P> <P> astronauts were only in a closed space and living with other people, do not come out .exposure to difficult circumstances can not be considered a real space mission experience. .To conduct extravehicular activities, we must first learn how underwater "space walk." .Only in the seabed for extravehicular activities, they wore clothes moisture, rather than space suits, had to put on a mask and goggles, to test NASA's lunar exploration designed specifically for the space walk technology. .</ P> <P> the fourth day of training, the astronauts had a "spacecraft" extravehicular activity --- "moon walk." .They walk direction is perpendicular to the body system --- with the astronauts, fins were all loaded on the appropriate weight to simulate the moon's gravity on the subject. .- Compile / Wang, Jin and Yuan </ P> <P> - compile / Wang, Jin and Yuan </ P> <P> Future </ P> <P> future spacecraft owner </ P> <P> when the United States to complete the International Space Station construction .After retiring the shuttle fleet and NASA plans to begin construction of a new spacecraft, called "Orion", and planned to use it to transport astronauts to the moon. .Therefore, in the "Age of Aquarius" will train the candidates on the moon. .</ P> <P> In fact, several NEEMO members previously assigned to the space station has gone, including the incoming space station commander Michael Lopez-Addis alegria and have had experience of space flight will be any .The second commander of the skin of its Weite Sen. .</ P> </ p>.